References: Astrachan, J.H. and Jaskiewicz, P. (2008) ‘Emotional Returns and Emotional Costs in Privately Held Family Businesses: Advancing Traditional Business Valuation’. Family Business Review, 21(2), pp. 139–149. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.2008.00115.x. Astrachan, J.H., Klein, S.B. and Smyrnios, K.X. (2002) ‘The F-PEC Scale of Family Influence: A Proposal for Solving the Family Business Definition Problem1’. Family Business Review, 15(1), pp. 45–58. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.2002.00045.x. Barney, J. (1991) ‘Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage’. Journal of Management, 17(1), pp. 99–120. DOI: 10.1177/014920639101700108. Beeger, B. (2020) ‘Arbeitsmarkt: Jetzt gehen die Babyboomer in Rente’. FAZ.NET, 2 January. Available at: https://www.faz.net/1.6562375 (Accessed: 3 January 2020). Bergfeld, M.M.H. and Weber, F.M. (2011) ‘Dynasties of Innovation: Highly Performing German Family Firms and the Owners’ Role for Innovation’. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 13(1), p. 80. DOI: 10.1504/IJEIM.2011.038449. Berrone, P., Cruz, C. and Gomez-Mejia, L.R. (2012) ‘Socioemotional Wealth in Family Firms: Theoretical Dimensions, Assessment Approaches, and Agenda for Future Research’. Family Business Review, 25(3), pp. 258–279. DOI: 10.1177/0894486511435355. Björnberg, Å. and Nicholson, N. (2012) ‘Emotional Ownership: The Next Generation’s Relationship With the Family Firm’. Family Business Review, 25(4), pp. 374–390. DOI: 10.1177/0894486511432471. Bozdogan, K. et al. (1998) ‘Architectural Innovation in Product Development through Early Supplier Integration’. R&D Management, 28(3), p. 163. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9310.00093. Bryman, A. (2004) ‘Qualitative Research on Leadership: A Critical but Appreciative Review’. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), pp. 729–769. DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.09.007. Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2018) Business Research Methods. 6th Edition. OXFORD University Press. Cabrera-Suárez, K., De Saá-Pérez, P. and García-Almeida, D. (2001) ‘The Succession Process from a Resource- and Knowledge-Based View of the Family Firm’. Family Business Review, 14(1), pp. 37–46. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.2001.00037.x. Calabrò, A. et al. (2018) ‘Innovation in Family Firms: A Systematic Literature Review and Guidance for Future Research’. International Journal of Management Reviews, 21(3), pp. 317– 355. DOI: 10.1111/ijmr.12192. Calabrò, A. and Valentino, A. (2019) STEP2019 Global Family Business Survey - REPORT The Impact of Changing Demographics on Family Business Succession Planning and Governance. Germany: KPMG. Chrisman, J.J. et al. (2015) ‘The Ability and Willingness Paradox in Family Firm Innovation: Family Firm Innovation Future Agenda’. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(3), pp. 310–318. DOI: 10.1111/jpim.12207. Chrisman, J.J. and Patel, P.C. (2012) ‘Variations in R&D Investments of Family and Nonfamily Firms: Behavioral Agency and Myopic Loss Aversion Perspectives’. Academy of Management Journal, 55(4), pp. 976–997. DOI: 10.5465/amj.2011.0211. Christensen, C.M., Raynor, M.E. and McDonald, R. (2015) ‘What Is Disruptive Innovation?’ Harvard Business Review, (December 2015), 1 December. Available at: https://hbr.org/2015/12/what-is-disruptive-innovation (Accessed: 4 June 2020). Chung, H.-M. and Chan, S.-T. (2012) ‘Ownership Structure, Family Leadership, and Performance of Affiliate Firms in Large Family Business Groups’. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(2), pp. 303–329. DOI: 10.1007/s10490-011-9281-5. Cooper, D.R., Schindler, P.S. and Blumberg, B. (2014) Business Research Methods. 4th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin Education. Craig, J.B.L. and Moores, K. (2006) ‘A 10-Year Longitudinal Investigation of Strategy, Systems, and Environment on Innovation in Family Firms’. Family Business Review, 19(1), pp. 1–10. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.2006.00056.x. Creswell, J.W. (2013) Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design. Choosing Among Five Approaches. 3rd Edition. LA, London: SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd. Creswell, J.W. et al. (2007) ‘Qualitative Research Designs: Selection and Implementation’. The Counseling Psychologist, 35(2), pp. 236–264. DOI: 10.1177/0011000006287390. Cruz, J., Justo, R. and De Castro, J.O. (2012) ‘Does Family Employment Enhance MSEs Performance? Integrating Socioemotional Wealth and Family Embeddedness Perspectives’. Journal of Business Venturing, (21), pp. 62–76. DDW (2019) Mittelstand 10.000: Das Ranking der deutschen Top-Mittelständler - Die Deutsche Wirtschaft. Available at: https://die-deutsche-wirtschaft.de/das-ranking-der-groesstenmittelstaendler-deutschlands/ (Accessed: 15 November 2019). De Massis, A. et al. (2014) ‘Ability and Willingness as Sufficiency Conditions for FamilyOriented Particularistic Behavior: Implications for Theory and Empirical Studies’. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(2), pp. 344–364. DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12102. De Massis, A., Di Minin, A. and Frattini, F. (2015) ‘Family-Driven Innovation: RESOLVING THE PARADOX IN FAMILY FIRMS’. California Management Review, 58(1), pp. 5–19. DOI: 10.1525/cmr.2015.58.1.5. De Massis, A., Frattini, F. and Lichtenthaler, U. (2013) ‘Research on Technological Innovation in Family Firms: Present Debates and Future Directions’. Family Business Review, 26(1), pp. 10–31. DOI: 10.1177/0894486512466258. Dunn, B. (1996) ‘Family Enterprises in the UK: A Special Sector?’ Family Business Review, 9(2), pp. 139–155. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.1996.00139.x. Eisenhardt, K.M. (1989) ‘Building Theories from Case Study Research’. The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), p. 532. DOI: 10.2307/258557. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Graebner, M.E. (2007) ‘Theory Building From Cases: Opportunities And Challenges’. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), pp. 25–32. DOI: 10.5465/amj.2007.24160888. Fasselt, T. (1992) Nachfolge in Familienunternehmen. Stuttgart: Schäffer-Poeschel. Fitz‐Koch, S. and Nordqvist, M. (2017) ‘The Reciprocal Relationship of Innovation Capabilities and Socioemotional Wealth in a Family Firm’. Journal of Small Business Management, 55(4), pp. 547–570. DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12343. Galunic, D.C. and Eisenhardt, K.M. (2001) ‘Architectural Innovation and Modular Corporate Forms’. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), pp. 1229–1249. DOI: 10.5465/3069398. Gast, J. et al. (2018) ‘Socioemotional Wealth and Innovativeness in Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Family Enterprises: A Configuration Approach’. Journal of Small Business Management, 56, pp. 53–67. DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12389. Glaser, B.G. and Strauss, A.L. (2006) The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. London: Aldine Transaction. Globerman, S. (1980) ‘Markets, Hierarchies, and Innovation’. Journal of Economic Issues (Association for Evolutionary Economics), 14(4), p. 977. DOI: 10.1080/00213624.1980.11503796. Grant, R.M. (1996) ‘Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm: Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm’. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), pp. 109–122. DOI: 10.1002/smj.4250171110. Gray, D.E. (2017) Doing Research in the Business World | David E Gray | Download. London,: SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd. Groth, T., Rüsen, T. and von Schlippe, A. (2013) ‘PRAXISLEITFADEN- NACHFOLGE IN FAMILIENUNTERNEHMEN EIN LEITFADEN ZUR GESTALTUNG DER NACHFOLGE AUF SEITE DES UNTERNEHMENS UND DES GESELLSCHAFTERKREISES’. Available at: https://www.wifu.de/bibliothek/nachfolge-in-familienunternehmen/# (Accessed: 16 November 2019). Gunduz, M. and Alfar, M. (2019) ‘Integration of Innovation Through Analytical Hierarchy Process (Ahp) in Project Management and Planning’. Technological & Economic Development of Economy, 25(2), pp. 258–276. DOI: 10.3846/tede.2019.8063. Gustafsson, J. (2017) ‘Single Case Studies vs. Multiple Case Studies: A Comparative Study’. p. Hamel, G. and Breen, B. (2007) The Future of Management. Boston: Harvard Business Press Available at: https://www.perlego.com/book/836881/the-future-of-management-pdf (Accessed: 4 June 2020). Haubrock, A. (2019) ‘Wie gestalte ich den Ausstieg und den Einstieg?’ In Nagl, A. (ed.) Wie regele ich meine Nachfolge? Leitfaden für Familienunternehmen. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien, pp. 59–86. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-25845-0_4. Hauck, J. and Prügl, R. (2015) ‘Innovation Activities during Intra-Family Leadership Succession in Family Firms: An Empirical Study from a Socioemotional Wealth Perspective’. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 6(2), pp. 104–118. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.11.002. Henderson, R.M. and Clark, K.B. (1990) ‘Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms’. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), p. 9. DOI: 10.2307/2393549. Hoffman, J., Hoelscher, M. and Sorenson, R. (2006) ‘Achieving Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Family Capital Theory’. Family Business Review, 19(2), pp. 135–145. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.2006.00065.x. Holt, D.T. and Daspit, J.J. (2015) ‘Diagnosing Innovation Readiness in Family Firms’. California Management Review, 58(1), pp. 82–96. DOI: 10.1525/cmr.2015.58.1.82. Hopp, C. et al. (2018) ‘What 40 Years of Research Reveals About the Difference Between Disruptive and Radical Innovation’. Harvard Business Review, 9 April. Available at: https://hbr.org/2018/04/what-40-years-of-research-reveals-about-the-difference-betweendisruptive-and-radical-innovation (Accessed: 4 June 2020). Huang, J. and Kim, H. (2013) ‘Conceptualizing Structural Ambidexterity into the Innovation of Human Resource Management Architecture: The Case of LG Electronics’. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(5), pp. 922–943. DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2012.743471. Isakov, D. and Weisskopf, J.-P. (2014) ‘Are Founding Families Special Blockholders? An Investigation of Controlling Shareholder Influence on Firm Performance’. Journal of Banking & Finance, 41, pp. 1–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.12.012. Jaskiewicz, P., Combs, J.G. and Rau, S.B. (2015) ‘Entrepreneurial Legacy: Toward a Theory of How Some Family Firms Nurture Transgenerational Entrepreneurship’. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(1), pp. 29–49. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.07.001. Keeley, L. et al. (2013) Ten Types of Innovation: The Discipline of Building Breakthroughs. John Wiley & Sons. Kellermanns, F.W. et al. (2012) ‘Innovativeness in Family Firms: A Family Influence Perspective’. Small Business Economics, 38(1), pp. 85–101. DOI: 10.1007/s11187-010-9268-5. Ketokivi, M. and Mantere, S. (2010) ‘Two Strategies for Inductive Reasoning in Organizational Research’. Academy of Management Review, 35(2), pp. 315–333. DOI: 10.5465/amr.35.2.zok315. Klein, S.B. (2010) Familienunternehmen: theoretische und empirische Grundlagen. BoD – Books on Demand. Klein, S.B. (2000) ‘Family Businesses in Germany: Significance and Structure’. Family Business Review, 13(3), pp. 157–181. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6248.2000.00157.x. Klein, S.B., Astrachan, J.H. and Smyrnios, K.X. (2005) ‘The F-PEC Scale of Family Influence: Construction, Validation, and Further Implication for Theory’. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(3), pp. 321–339. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00086.x. Kraus, S. et al. (2016) ‘Family Firm Internationalization: A Configurational Approach’. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), pp. 5473–5478. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.158. Leblanc, R. and Schwartz, M.S. (2007) ‘The Black Box of Board Process: Gaining Access to a Difficult Subject’. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 15(5), pp. 843–851. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00617.x. Leifer, R. et al. (2000) Radical Innovation: How Mature Companies Can Outsmart Upstarts. Harvard Business Press. Mantere, S. and Ketokivi, M. (2013) ‘Reasoning in Organization Science’. Academy of Management Review, 38(1), pp. 70–89. DOI: 10.5465/amr.2011.0188. Markham, S.K. (2013) ‘The Impact of Front-End Innovation Activities on Product Performance’. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30, pp. 77–92. DOI: 10.1111/jpim.12065. Marler, L.E., Botero, I.C. and De Massis, A. (2017) ‘Succession-Related Role Transitions in Family Firms: The Impact of Proactive Personality’. Journal of Managerial Issues, 29(1), pp. 57–81. Marshall, C. and Rossmann, G.B. (2015) Designing Qualitative Research. 6th Edition. LA, London: SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd. Miles, M.B., Huberman, A.M. and Saldana, J. (2013) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 4th Edition. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd. Minichilli, A., Brogi, M. and Calabrò, A. (2016) ‘Weathering the Storm: Family Ownership, Governance, and Performance Through the Financial and Economic Crisis: Weathering the Storm’. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 24(6), pp. 552–568. DOI: 10.1111/corg.12125. Müller, A. (2017) HANDELSBLATT EXCLUSIVE: Study: Family-Owned Companies Most Important Employers in Germany. Available at: https://www.handelsblatt.com/today/companies/handelsblatt-exclusive-study-family-ownedcompanies-most-important-employers-in-germany/23567808.html (Accessed: 15 November2019). Nilsson, S. and Ritzén, S. (2014) ‘Exploring the Use of Innovation Performance Measurement to Build Innovation Capability in a Medical Device Company’. Creativity & Innovation Management, 23(2), pp. 183–198. DOI: 10.1111/caim.12054. Pisano, G.P. (2015) ‘You Need an Innovation Strategy’. Harvard Business Review, (June 2015), 1 June. Available at: https://hbr.org/2015/06/you-need-an-innovation-strategy (Accessed: 4 June 2020). Porter, M.E. (1990) The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York: Free Press. Procto (2019) What Is Architectural Innovation & 3 Examples for It. Procto. Available at: /architectural-innovation (Accessed: 4 June 2020). Rahman, M.H., Galván, R.S. and Martínez, A.B. (2017) ‘Impact of Family Business on Economic Development: A Study of Spain’s Family-Owned Supermarkets’. Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 5(4), pp. 129–138. DOI: 10.12691/jbms-5-4-4. Rau, S.B., Werner, A. and Schell, S. (2019) ‘Psychological Ownership as a Driving Factor of Innovation in Older Family Firms’. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 10(4), p. 100246. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfbs.2018.03.001. Rautenstrauch, G. (2013) Optimale Gestaltung der Unternehmensnachfolge: Übertragung von Einzelunternehmen und Mitunternehmeranteilen hinsichtlich Erbschaft- und Einkommensteuer. Springer-Verlag. Samiee, S. et al. (2020) ‘Intentional Cannibalization, Radical Innovation, and Performance: A Comparison of Chinese and Western Enterprises in China’. Journal of International Marketing, 28(2), pp. 40–58. DOI: 10.1177/1069031X19866832. Santos, M.S., Moreira, A.C. and Vieira, E.S. (2014) ‘Ownership Concentration, Contestability, Family Firms, and Capital Structure’. Journal of Management & Governance, 18(4), pp. 1063–1107. DOI: 10.1007/s10997-013-9272-7. Satell, G. (2017a) Mapping Innovation Playbook. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Satell, G. (2017b) ‘The 4 Types of Innovation and the Problems They Solve’. Harvard Business Review, 21 June. Available at: https://hbr.org/2017/06/the-4-types-of-innovation-and-theproblems-they-solve (Accessed: 1 June 2020). Satell, G. (2009) What Is Disruptive Innovation? | Digital Tonto. Available at: https://www.digitaltonto.com/2009/what-is-disruptive-innovation/ (Accessed: 4 June 2020). Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornbill, A. (2009) Research Methods for Business Studies. 5th Edition. Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Saunders, M., Thornbill, A. and Lewis, P. (2016) Research Methods for Business Students. 5th Edition. Harlow: Prentice Hall. Schwartz, D.M. (2019) ‘Nachfolge-Monitoring Mittelstand: Planungen stabil auf hohem Niveau’. KfW Research, 241, p. 7. Sharma, P. et al. (2001) ‘Determinants of Initial Satisfaction with the Succession Process in Family Firms: A Conceptual Model’. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(3), pp. 17–36. DOI: 10.1177/104225870102500302. Simon, H. (1996) Hidden Champions: Lessons from 500 of the World’s Best Unknown Companies. Available at: https://b-ok.cc/book/1119313/066938 (Accessed: 16 November 2019). Simon, H. (2009) Hidden Champions of the Twenty-First Century. New York, NY: Springer New York DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-98147-5. Statista (2017) Familienunternehmen in Deutschland - Anteil an Unternehmen, Beschäftigten Und Umsatz. Available at: https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/234891/umfrage/familienunternehmen-indeutschland-anteil-an-unternehmen-beschaeftigten-und-umsatz/ (Accessed: 2 January 2020). Strese, S. et al. (2018) ‘CEOs’ Passion for Inventing and Radical Innovations in SMEs: The Moderating Effect of Shared Vision’. Journal of Small Business Management, 56(3), pp. 435– 452. DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12264. Teece, D., Pisano, G. and Shuen, A. (1997) ‘DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT’. Strategic Management Journal, 18:7, pp. 509–533. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::aid-smj882>3.0.co;2-z. Thrassou, A., Vrontis, D. and Bresciani, S. (2018) ‘The Agile Innovation Pendulum: Family Business Innovation and the Human, Social, and Marketing Capitals’. International Studies of Management & Organization, 48(1), pp. 88–104. DOI: 10.1080/00208825.2018.1407086. Wernerfelt, B. (1984) ‘A Resource-Based View of the Firm’. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), pp. 171–180. DOI: 10.1002/smj.4250050207. Wiesehahn, A. (2020) Unternehmensnachfolge: Praxishandbuch für Familienunternehmen. Springer-Verlag. de Wit, B. (2017) Strategy- An International Perspective. 6th Edition. Available at: https://bok.cc/book/3684411/ffcb2a (Accessed: 1 May 2020). Yin, R. (2014) Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 5th Edition. LA, London: SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd Available at: https://b-ok.cc/book/3559627/25074d (Accessed: 2 January 2020). Zhang, F. et al. (2018) ‘Roles of Relationships Between Large Shareholders and Managers in Radical Innovation: A Stewardship Theory Perspective’. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 35(1), pp. 88–105. DOI: 10.1111/jpim.12376.