................................................................................................................ 56 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................. A Abdullah , A, A., Rawan, A.-T. T. & Feris, A. A. (2018) The Integration of Lean Management and Six Sigma Strategies to. International Journal of Business and Management, 138, pp. 207-216. Abdullah, A. and Patrick, M. (2016) Organizational Culture that Inhibit the Lean Implementation. The European Business & Management Conference 2016 Official Conference Proceedings Achanga, P., Shehab, E., Roy, R. & Nelder, G. (2006) Critical success factors for lean implementation within SMEs. journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 174, pp. 460-471. Alfawwaz, T. &Badah, A. (2012) ‘Using Six Sigma to Evaluate the Administrative Performance of Vocational and Technical Training Institutions in Jordan', International Journal of Business and Management, 7 (20). Alsmadi, L., & Khan. (2012) ‘A comparative analysis of Lean practices and performance in the UK manufacturing and service sector firms', Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 23 (3) pp. 381-396. Andel, T. (2007) ‘Lean and Six Sigma Traps to Avoid Material Handling Management', 62 (3), pp. 23-28. Andersson, R., Eriksson, H. &Torstensson, H. (2006) ‘Similarities and differences between TQM, six sigma and lean', The TQM Magazine, 18(3), pp.282-96. Antony, J. (2010) "Readiness factors for the Lean Six Sigma journey in the higher education sector". International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(2), pp. 257-264. Antony, J., Krishan, N., Cullen, D. & Kumar, M. (2011) ‘Lean Six Sigma for Higher Education Institutions HEIs: Challenges, Barriers, Success Factors, Tools/Techniques.', International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 61 (8). Antony, J., Setijono, D. & Dahlgaard, J. J. (2016) Lean Six Sigma and innovation-an exploratory study among UK organizations. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 27 1/2, pp. 124-140. Arnheiter, D.E., & Maleyeff, J. (2005). The integration of lean management and Six Sigma, The TQM magazine, 17, pp.5-18. Arthur, J. (2005) Six Sigma simplified-quantum improvements made easy, LifeStar, Colorado, US. Assarlind, M., Gremyr, I. & Bäckman, K. (2012) ‘Multi-facet ed views on a Lean Six Sigma applicatio', International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 30 (4) pp. 387-402. Awaritoma, O. (2010) “Performance Management in Lean Production”. Unpublished Master thesis, Linnaeus University. Bendell, T. (2006) ‘A review and comparison of six sigma and the lean organizations', The TQM magazine, 18, pp.255-262. Berger, A. (1997) ‘Continuous improvement and kaizen: standardization and organizational designs, Integrated Manufacturing Systems,' 8, 110-117. Bincheno, J. (2000) The Lean Toolbox, UK Picsie Books. Breakthrough Management Group. (2001) Six Sigma-An Overview, Denver. Breyfogle, F. (2008) Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter Solutions Using Statistical Methods 2nd ed. . New Jersey: N.J, John Wiley & Sons. Burrell, G. and Morgan, G. (1979) Sociological Paradigms and Organisational Analysis. London: Heinemann. Burton, T. T. & Sams, J. L. (2005) Six Sigma for Small and Mid-sized Organizations. Florida: J. Ross Publishing. Byrne, G., Lubowe, D., & Blitz, A. (2007) ‘Using a lean Six Sigma approach to drive innovation. Strategy & Leadership', 35 (2) pp. 5-10. Calás, M. and Smircich, L. (1997 )Postmodern Management Theory. Aldershot: Ashgate/Dartmouth. Carleysmith, S. W., Dufton, A. M. & Altria, K. D. (2009) ‘Implementing Lean Sigma in pharmaceutical research and development: a review by practitioner', R&D Management, 391 (5), pp. 95-106. Cavallini, A.G. (2008) Lean Six Sigma as a Source of Competitive Advantage. Chakrabarty, A. & Tan, K. C. (2007) ‘The current state of six sigma application in services.', Managing Service Quality, 17 (2) pp. 194-208. Chang, H. (2006) ‘An Empirical evaluation of performance measurement systems for total quality management', Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 17 (8) pp. 1093-1109. Chang, T. L. (2002) ‘ Six Sigma: A frame work for small and medium sized enterprises to achieve total quality', Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cleveland State University, Ohio, USA. Changseh, H., Lin, B. & Manduca, B. (2007) ‘Information Technology and Six Sigma Implementation', Journal of Computer Information Systems, 47 pp. 41-10. Chinvigai, C.H., Dafaoui, El-M., & Mhamedi, A. El. (2007) ‘An approach for improving enterprise process interaction performance, Congress international degénieindustriel, Québec CANADA. Choo, A.S., Linderman, K. W. & Schroeder, R. G. (2007) Method and context perspectives on learning and knowledge creation in quality management. J of OM, 254. Clarke, V. and Braun, V. (2016) ‘Thematic analysis', The Journal of Positive Psychology, 123, pp.297-298. Colin, M. (2017) A-Z of lean tools and techniques. Coronado, R. B. & Antony, J. (2002) ‘Critical success factors for the successful implementation of six sigma projects in organizations', The TQM Magazine, 14 (2) pp. 92-9. Cortada, JW., Enahoro, H. & Fraser, HE. (2004) ‘Uncovering hidden value in Pharma business processes. IBM Business Consulting Services' Available from http://www. 935.ibm.com/services/uk/igs/pdf/esr-uncovering-the-hidden-value in-pharma.pdf [Accessed on 13, August 2019] Creswell, JW. (1994) Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, Sage Publications Inc. Cyger, M. (2019) ‘Six Sigma Costs and Savings', Available at:https://www.isixsigma.com/implementation/financial-analysis/six-sigma costs-and-savings/ [Accessed on 13, August 2019] Dahlgaard, J.J. & Dahlgaard Park, S.M. (2006) ‘ Lean production six sigma quality TQM and company culture', The TQM magazine, 18, pp. 263-281. Das, A., Pagell, M., Behm, M. &Veltri, A. (2008) Toward a theory of the linkages between safety and quality .Journal of Operations Management, 26 (4) pp. 521- 535. Deepak, P., Varsha, J., Sachin, G &Vilasrao, K. (2010) ‘Six Sigma: Golden Opportunity for Pharmaceutical Industry', International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2(2) pp. 1160-1164. Delgado, C., Ferreira, M. & Branco, M.C. (2010) ‘The implementation of Lean Six Sigma in financial services organizations', Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 21(4) pp. 51-52. Denzin, N.K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (2011) ‘Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research', in N.K. Denzin and Y.S. Lincoln eds The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research 4th edn. London: Sage, pp. 1-19. DeRuntz, B.; and Meier, R. (2010) ‘An Evaluative Approach to Successfully Implementing Six Sigma.' The Technology Interface Journal, 103, pp. 1-9. Desai, D.A., Antony, J. & Patel, M. B. (2011) ‘Six Sigma implementation in Indian industries An assessment of the critical success factors for Six Sigma implementation in Indian industries', International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 61(4) pp. 426-444. Eckes, G. (2002) The Six Sigma Revolution: How General Electric and Others Turned Process into Profits, Wiley. com, Hoboken, NJ. Eirin, L. Jonas, I. Inger, G. and Silje, A. (2016) ‘Barriers to lean implementation: perceptions of top managers, middle managers and workers', 49th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems CIRP-CMS 2016 Furterer, S. L. (2004) A framework road map for implementation lean six sigma in local government entities. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA. George, L. M. (2002) Lean Six Sigma: Combining Six Sigma Quality with Lean Speed, McGraw-Hill ,USA. George, M. (2005) The Lean Six Sigma pocket tool book. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill. Ghauri, P. & Gronhaug, K. (2010) Research Methods in Business Studies. A Practical Guide. 4th edition ed. Harlow: FT Prentice Hall. Gill, J. and Johnson, P. (2010) Research Methods for Managers 4th edn. London: Sage. GohT. N. (2011). Adoption of Six Sigma in smaller organizations. International Business: Innovation. Psychology, Economics, 2(1) pp. 34-40. Grover, A.L., Meredith, J.O., MacIntyre, M., Angelis, J. & Neailey, K. (2010) "UK health visiting: challenges faced during lean implementation", Leadership in Health Services, 23(3), pp .204-218. Gutierrez, G. L., deLeeuw, S., Dubbers, R. & Antony, J. (2016) Logistics services and Lean Six Sigma implementation: a case study. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 7 3. Habidin, N. F., Yusof, S. M. & Fuzi, N. M. (2016) ‘Lean Six Sigma, strategic control systems, and organizational performance for automotive suppliers', International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 7 (2). Hadid, W., Mansouri, S. A. & Gallear, D. (2016) ‘Is lean service promising? Asocio technical perspective', International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 36(6) pp.618-642. Heron, J. (1996) Co-operative Inquiry: Research into the Human Condition. London: Sage. International Standards Organization, 2000. ISO9000:2000, 3 rd edition, Quality Management Systems. Itkin, D. 2(008) The effect of business ownership change on occupational employment and wages. Monthly Labour Review, 131(9) pp. 3-23. Janil, P., Chauhan, S., Patel, G., Sant, L. & Patel, D. (2013) Sigma six: a quality control tool in pharma industry. International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences, 2, pp. 59-69. Jiju Antony. (2004) ‘Six Sigma in the UK service organisations: results from a pilot survey' Managerial Auditing Journal, 19(8), pp. 1006-1013. Jiju Antony, University of Strathclyde, Scotland, UK, Some Common Myths of Six Sigma Demystified, CQI, West of Scotland 4th March 2008 Jiju, A. (2010) Six Sigma vs Lean some perspectives from leading academics and practitioners. Jirasukprasert, G. R. & Kumar, L. (2014) ‘A Six Sigma and DMAIC application for the reduction of defects in a rubber gloves manufacturing process' International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 5(1), pp.2-21. Johnson, A. (2006) “Lessons learned from six sigma in R&D”, Managers at work, pp. 15- 19. Kanakana, M. G. (2010). Lean Six Sigma Framework to Improve Throughput rate. Kandlossui, N. S. A. E., Ali, A. J., & Abdollahi, A. (2010). ‘Organizational citizenship behaviour in concern of communication satisfaction: The role of the formal and informal communication', International Journal of Business and Management, 510(3) Pp.51-61. Available at: http://search.proquest.com/docview/821297357?accountid=45049 [Accessed on 16, August 2019] Kanigolla, D., Cudney, E., Corns, S. & Samaranayake, V. (2014). Enhancing engineering education using project-based learning for Lean and Six Sigma. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 5 (1), pp. 45-61. Katarina, P.& Vojislav, B. (2012) ‘Lean and Six Sigma concepts application in pharmaceutical industry', International Journal for Quality Research. 6 (1) pp. 23-24. Kelemen, M. and Rumens, N. (2008) An Introduction to Critical Management Research. London: Sage. Ketokivi, M. and Mantere, S. (2010) ‘Two strategies for inductive reasoning in organizational research', Academy of Management Review, 35(2), pp. 315-33. Kleinert, A. (2005) Implementing Design for Six Sigma DFSS in Europe. Koning, D. H., Does, R. J. M. M. & Bisgaard, S. (2008) ‘Lean Six Sigma in financial services.', International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, 4(1) pp. 1-17. Koripadu, M. & Subbaiah, V. K. (2014) ‘Problem Solving Management Using Six Sigma Tools & Techniques', International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, , 32, pp. 91-93. Kothari, C. R. (2008) Research Methodology Methods and Techniques. 2nd ed. New Delhi: New Age International. Kovach, T. & Cho, R. (2011) Better processes make GOODEATS: Food industry can benefit from lean Six Sigma principles. Industrial Engineer, 43(1) pp. 36-40. Kumar, M., Antony, J., Singh, R. K., Tiwar, M. K., & Perry, D. (2006) ‘Implementing the Lean Sigma frame work in an Indian SME: a case study, Production Planning & Control', 17 pp. 407 423. Kumar, M., Upadhyay, S., Ogbu, C., & Antony, J. (2008) An investigation of Six Sigma implementation within UK manufacturing SMEs: Findings from the survey, First European Research Conference on Continuous Improvement and Lean Six Sigma. Laureani, A. & Anthony, J. (2012) ‘Critical success factors for the effective implementation of Lean Sigma: Results from an empirical study and agenda for future research'. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 34, pp. 274-283. Lee, K. L., Tai, C. T. & Sheen, G. J. (2013) ‘Using LSS to improve the efficiency and quality of care fund process in a logistics centre' International Journal of Lean six sigma, 4(4) pp. 409-424 Leonard, T. & Schneider, J. 2004 Integrated sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry. International Journal for sustainable business, 115, pp. 119-128. Lertwattanapongchai, S. and William Swierczek, F. (2014) ‘Assessing the change process of Lean Six Sigma: a case analysis', International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 54, pp. 423-443. Libutan, J. (2007) Six Sigma principles improve process understanding. OR Nurse, 15, pp.24-27. Linderman, K. W., Schroeder, R. G. & Choo, A. S. (2008) ‘Six Sigma: the role of goals in improvement teams', Journal of Operations Management, 24(6) pp. 779-790. Linderman, K., Schroeder, G.R., Zaheer, S. & Choo, S.A. (2002) ‘Six Sigma: a goaltheoretic perspective', Journal of Operations Management, 21, pp.193-203. Liu, E. Breakthrough: Do clinical research the Six Sigma way Lodgaard, E., Ingvaldsen, J. A., Gamme, I. & Aschehoug, S. (2016) Barriers to lean implementation: perceptions of top managers, middle managers and workers. Procedia CIRP , 57(12) pp.595-600. Luzi, D. (2000) ‘Trends and evolution in the development of grey literature: a review.', International Journal on Grey Literature, 13, pp.106-117. Mallick, Z., Ahmad, S., and Bisht, L. (2012) ‘Barriers and Enablers in Implementation of Lean Six Sigma in Indian Manufacturing' International Journal of Advanced Research in Management IJARM: 13, pp. 1-19 Mortimer, A.L. (2006) ‘Six Sigma: a vital improvement approach when applied to the right problems, in the right environment', Emerald, 26, pp. 10-17. Nathan T. (2019) Five Obstacles to Implementing Lean in Small Business. Available at:https://www.everettcc.edu/ccec/enewsletters/five-obstacles-implementing lean-small-business[Accessed on 16, August 2019] Neely, A. D., Gregory, M. J. & Platts, K. W. (2005) ‘Performance measurement system design, a literature review and research agenda', International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 25(12), pp. 1228-63. Noori, B. and Latifi, M. (2018) Development of Six Sigma methodology to improve grinding processes. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 9(1), pp.50-63. Park, S. (2003) Six Sigma for Quality and Productivity Promotion. Tokyo: Asian Productivity Organization Psychogios A., & Tsironis, L. (2012) Understanding the implementation of Lean Six Sigma in Context: Lessons from Service Industry. TQM & Business Excellence. Psychogios, G. A. & Wilkinson, A. (2007) Exploring TQM awareness in the Greek national business context: Between conservatism and reformism cultural determinants of TQM. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(6), pp. 1042-1062. Qianmei May Feng & Manuel, C.M. (2008) "Under the knife: a national survey of six sigma programs in US healthcare organizations", International journal of health care quality assurance, 21(6), pp. 535-47. Raghunath A, and Jayathirtha R V (20130 Barriers for implementation of Six Sigma by Small and Medium Enterprises in International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, 2(2), pp. 1-7 Raifsnider, R. & Kurt, D. (2004) Lean Six Sigma in higher education, Whitepaper. Rao, J. (2011). Bestbuy: Merging lean sigma with innovation. Harvard Business Review. Richard Iyede, Enda Francis Fallon, Pat Donnellan, (2018) An exploration of the extent of Lean Six Sigma implementation in the West of Ireland", International Journal of Lean Six Sigma. Richard, B. (2019) Managing Six Sigma Change Resistance. Available at: https://www.isixsigma.com/implementation/change-management implementation/managing-six-sigma-change-resistance/ [Accessed on 17th August, 2019] Rusko, M. & Kralikova, R., (2011) ‘Application of Six Sigma Method to EMS Design.', The Journal of Slovak University of Technology, 1930, pp. 39-44. Salah, S., Rahim, A. & Carretero, J. A. (2010) ‘The integration of Six Sigma and Lean management. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma', 1(3) 249-274. Samuel, P. & Lisa M. Leveraging next generation Six Sigma: addressing challenges in pharmaceutical industry. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2016) Research Methods for Business Students 7th ed. Edinburgh: Pearson Education Limited. Schöpfel, J. (2011) ‘Towards a Prague definition of grey literature.', The Grey Journal, 7, pp. 5-18 Schroeder, R. G., Linderman, K., Liedtke, C. & Choo, A. S. (2008) ‘Six Sigma: Definition and Underlying Theor',. Journal of Operations Management, 26, pp.536-554 Sekaran, U. & Bougie, R. (2010) Research Method of Business: A Skill Building Approach. John Willey & Sons, New York, NY. Sewing, A. (2000). Helping science to succeed: Improving processes in R & D. Drug Discover Today, 13, pp. 227-233. Shah, R., Chandrasekaran, A. and Linderman, K. (2008). ‘In pursuit of implementation patterns: the context of Lean and Six Sigma', International Journal of Production Research, 46(23), pp. 6679-6699. Sheffi, Y. (2007) The resilient enterprise: Overcoming vulnerability for competitive advantage. Cambridge: MIT. Sinthavalai, R. (2006) ‘An Exploratory Study of Introducing Six Sigma in SMEs, Proceedings of the 7th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Conference, Thailand. Snee, R. D. (2010) ‘Lean Six Sigma-getting better all the time', International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 1(1), pp.109-291 Stückrath, I. (2006) Six Sigma and the road to success, World Pharmaceutical Frontiers, Available from www.worldpharmacetuicals.net Suddaby, R. (2006)‘From the editors: What grounded theory is not', Academy of Management Journal Taner, M. T. (2012) ‘A feasibility study for Six Sigma implementation in Turkish textile SMEs. South East European ‘, Journal of Economics and Business, 7(1) pp. 63- 72. Tennant, G. (2001) SIX SIGMA: SPC and TQM in Manufacturing and Services. Gower Publishing Ltd. p.6. Thangarajoo, Y. and Smith, A. (2015) “Lean thinking: an overview”, Industrial Engineering and Management, 4(2), pp.14-27. Timans, W., Antony, J., Ahaus, K. and Van Solingen, R. (2011) “Implementation of Lean Six Sigma in small - and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in The Netherlands”, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 63(3), pp. 339-353. Tsironis, L. K., Psychogios, A. & Al-Mashari, M. (2016) ‘Road towards Lean Six Sigma in service industry: Amulet-factor integrated framework', Business Process Management Journal, 22 (4). Vinodh, S. &Swarnakar, V. (2015) ‘Lean Six Sigma project selection using hybrid approach based on fuzzy DEMATEL-TOPIC', International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 6(4). Waweru, H. (2014) ‘Barriers to Successful Implementation of Lean Six Sigma in Healthcare Institutions Name Institution', Available at : https://www.academia.edu/8216665/Barriers_to_Successful_Implementation_of _Lean_Six_Sigma_in_Healthcare_Institutions_Name_Institution?auto=downloa d [Accessed on 16, August 2019] Yadav, G. & Desai, T. N. (2016) ‘Lean Six Sigma: a categorized review of the literature.', International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 7(1), pp 2-24. Yeh, L. H., Lin, S. C., Su, T. C. & Wang, C. P. (2011) “Applying lean six sigma to improve healthcare: An empirical study “African Journal of Business Management, 531, pp. 12356-12370. Yin, R. K. (2014) Case Study Research-Design and Methods 5th edn. London Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc. Zhang, W. & Xu, X. (2008) ‘Six Sigma and information system IS project management', A revised theoretical model. Project Management Journal, 39(3) pp. 59-74. 64 APPENDICES